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New Updates on Cannabis Rescheduling

DEA’s Rescheduling of Cannabis: A Major Leap Towards Federal Legalization?

On September 11, 2024, cannabis reform made headlines as the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) pushed forward the process of rescheduling cannabis from Schedule I to Schedule III under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). This rescheduling has been seen as the most significant move towards federal legalization in over 50 years. While the ultimate fate of cannabis legalization remains uncertain, this change could reshape the landscape of cannabis research, regulation, and industry operations in the United States.

The Rescheduling Process: What’s Happening Now?

Earlier this year, the DEA acted on President Biden’s call to reevaluate the classification of cannabis. Following a recommendation from the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the DEA opened a 60-day public comment period, which ended on July 22, 2024. An overwhelming 43,000 comments were received, primarily in favor of rescheduling, reflecting growing societal support.

The next major step will be a hearing set for December 2, 2024, overseen by an administrative law judge. This process, resembling a legal trial, could extend over months or even years before a final rule is published. Stakeholders wishing to speak at the hearing must register by September 25, 2024. Despite potential delays or challenges, the DEA’s move marks a step towards aligning federal cannabis policy with the growing body of scientific evidence.

Support for Cannabis Rescheduling Grows

Support for rescheduling cannabis continues to gain momentum, backed by an array of lawmakers, medical professionals, and advocacy groups. Recent studies have shown the efficacy of cannabis in treating chronic pain, epilepsy, and other health conditions, reinforcing the idea that cannabis poses less risk of abuse than previously believed.

A notable analysis by the cannabis data firm Headset revealed that an impressive 92.45% of public comments were in favor of reclassifying cannabis. Such a significant majority underscores the increasing acceptance of cannabis use in the U.S., both for medical and recreational purposes.

Challenges on the Horizon

However, several obstacles still stand in the way. For example, the Republican-led House Appropriations Committee recently approved an amendment to block the rescheduling efforts. The amendment prevents federal funds from being used to support the DEA’s rescheduling process. Furthermore, a change in administration following the upcoming presidential election could halt or reverse the DEA’s progress.

Additionally, federal rescheduling presents complex challenges for the cannabis industry. Although rescheduling to Schedule III would allow cannabis businesses to avoid the onerous tax restrictions under Internal Revenue Code Section 280E, many cannabis companies are concerned about new regulations they may face. Schedule III drugs, like other pharmaceuticals, are subject to more stringent testing and regulation, which could create financial challenges for smaller cannabis operations that struggle to compete with larger pharmaceutical and tobacco companies.

What Does This Mean for Cannabis Legalization?

Rescheduling cannabis would mark a shift in federal drug policy but may not be a definitive step toward full legalization. While it would ease some regulatory burdens and align federal policy more closely with public opinion, other legal hurdles remain. The legal risks faced by financial institutions working with cannabis companies, for instance, are unlikely to disappear without further federal legislative action. This means that access to financial services for cannabis companies could remain restricted even after rescheduling.

Conclusion: The Future of Cannabis Policy

The DEA’s efforts to reschedule cannabis reflect a broader societal change and the growing recognition of cannabis’s medical value. While rescheduling may bring immediate relief to parts of the cannabis industry and improve access to cannabis for medical research, significant challenges remain in aligning state and federal policies. As the hearing approaches in December 2024, all eyes are on the DEA as they navigate this critical juncture in cannabis policy. This decision could shape the future of cannabis research, access, and business in the U.S. for years to come.


Citations:

Malyshev, A., & Ganley, S. (2024, September 11). Current status of cannabis rescheduling and the next steps. Reuters Legal News & Westlaw Today.

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Comprehensive Guide to Cannabinoids: Therapeutic Potential and Safety Considerations

Understanding Cannabinoids: An Educational Overview

Cannabinoids are a diverse class of chemical compounds found in the cannabis plant. These compounds interact with the human body’s endocannabinoid system, influencing various physiological processes. The most well-known cannabinoids are THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol), but there are over 100 different cannabinoids identified in cannabis. This article provides an overview of cannabinoids, their effects, and their potential therapeutic applications, supported by scientific research.

What are Cannabinoids?

Cannabinoids are chemical compounds that interact with cannabinoid receptors in the body. These receptors are part of the endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in regulating mood, appetite, pain sensation, and memory. The two primary types of cannabinoids are:

  1. Phytocannabinoids: Found naturally in the cannabis plant.
  2. Endocannabinoids: Produced naturally within the human body.

Key Cannabinoids

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

THC is the psychoactive component of cannabis that produces the “high” sensation. It binds primarily to CB1 receptors in the brain, affecting mood, memory, and perception.

  • Effects: Euphoria, relaxation, altered sensory perception.
  • Therapeutic Uses: Pain relief, muscle spasticity, glaucoma, insomnia, low appetite, nausea.

Cannabidiol (CBD)

CBD is non-psychoactive and does not produce a “high.” It interacts with both CB1 and CB2 receptors and modulates the effects of THC.

  • Effects: Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-anxiety, antipsychotic.
  • Therapeutic Uses: Epilepsy, chronic pain, anxiety disorders, depression, inflammatory diseases.

Other Notable Cannabinoids

  • Cannabigerol (CBG): Precursor to THC and CBD, potential antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Cannabinol (CBN): Formed as THC degrades, mild psychoactive effects, potential sedative properties.
  • Cannabichromene (CBC): Non-psychoactive, potential anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties.

The Endocannabinoid System

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2), endocannabinoids (anandamide and 2-AG), and enzymes that synthesize and degrade endocannabinoids. The ECS helps maintain homeostasis in the body by regulating various physiological processes.

Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoids

Pain Management

Cannabinoids have shown promise in managing chronic pain conditions. A systematic review and meta-analysis published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) found that cannabinoids are effective in treating chronic pain in adults .

Neurological Disorders

CBD has been extensively studied for its potential in treating neurological disorders. For instance, a study published in The New England Journal of Medicine demonstrated that CBD significantly reduced seizure frequency in patients with Dravet syndrome, a severe form of epilepsy .

Anxiety and Depression

Cannabinoids, particularly CBD, have shown potential in treating anxiety and depression. A review in the journal Neurotherapeutics highlighted the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of CBD, making it a potential alternative treatment for anxiety disorders .

Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects

Cannabinoids exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, making them potential treatments for inflammatory diseases. Research published in the European Journal of Pain found that topical CBD application has therapeutic potential for reducing inflammation and pain associated with arthritis .

Safety and Side Effects

While cannabinoids have therapeutic potential, they also come with potential side effects. THC, for instance, can cause dizziness, dry mouth, altered judgment, and anxiety. CBD is generally well-tolerated but can interact with other medications. Long-term and high-dose usage of cannabinoids should be monitored to avoid potential adverse effects.

Conclusion

Cannabinoids represent a promising area of medical research with potential applications in pain management, neurological disorders, anxiety, and inflammation. Ongoing research and clinical trials are essential to fully understand their therapeutic potential and safety profiles. As the legal landscape for cannabis continues to evolve, it is crucial for healthcare providers and patients to stay informed about the latest scientific developments in cannabinoid research.

FDA Disclaimer

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.

References

  1. Whiting PF, Wolff RF, Deshpande S, et al. Cannabinoids for Medical Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA. 2015;313(24):2456-2473. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6358.
  2. Devinsky O, Cross JH, Laux L, et al. Trial of Cannabidiol for Drug-Resistant Seizures in the Dravet Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(21):2011-2020. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1611618.
  3. Blessing EM, Steenkamp MM, Manzanares J, Marmar CR. Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders. Neurotherapeutics. 2015;12(4):825-836. doi:10.1007/s13311-015-0387-1.
  4. Hammell DC, Zhang LP, Ma F, et al. Transdermal cannabidiol reduces inflammation and pain-related behaviours in a rat model of arthritis. Eur J Pain. 2016;20(6):936-948. doi:10.1002/ejp.818.

Understanding cannabinoids and their effects is essential for harnessing their therapeutic potential responsibly and effectively. Ongoing research will continue to illuminate the ways these compounds can benefit human health.

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Dark Moon CBN and Hibiscus Extract Oil: Natural Sleep and Seizure Solution

Discover Dark Moon: CBN and Hibiscus Extract Oil for Sleep, Seizures, and More

Introduction

In the realm of natural health remedies, a new powerhouse combination is making waves: Dark Moon CBN and Hibiscus Extract Oil. This blend offers a range of therapeutic benefits, backed by scientific research, making it a compelling option for those seeking natural solutions for sleep disorders, seizure management, and overall wellness.

What is CBN?

CBN is a minor cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant. Unlike THC, it is non-psychoactive, meaning it does not produce a “high.” CBN is formed as THC ages and oxidizes, giving it unique properties distinct from other cannabinoids.

The Power of Hibiscus Extract

Hibiscus is a flowering plant known for its rich antioxidant content and health benefits. Hibiscus extract is commonly used in herbal medicine to lower blood pressure, improve liver health, and aid in weight loss. When combined with CBN, hibiscus extract enhances the oil’s overall therapeutic profile.

Benefits of Dark Moon CBN and Hibiscus Extract Oil

1. Promotes Better Sleep

One of the most well-documented benefits of CBN is its potential to improve sleep quality. Research suggests that CBN may act as a sedative, helping to promote deeper and more restful sleep. A study published in the journal Pharmacology found that CBN had sedative effects in animal models, which could translate to human applications .

Hibiscus extract complements this by helping to relax the body and mind. Hibiscus tea has been traditionally used to alleviate anxiety and promote relaxation, making it an ideal partner for CBN in sleep aids.

2. Seizure Management

CBN is gaining attention for its potential anticonvulsant properties. Studies have shown that cannabinoids, including CBN, can reduce seizure frequency and severity. For instance, a study in Epilepsy & Behavior demonstrated the anticonvulsant effects of CBN in animal models, highlighting its promise as a treatment for epilepsy and other seizure disorders .

While hibiscus extract does not have direct anticonvulsant properties, its ability to support cardiovascular health and reduce oxidative stress can contribute to overall neurological health, making it a supportive addition to seizure management.

3. Anti-Inflammatory and Pain Relief

CBN and hibiscus extract both offer anti-inflammatory benefits. Chronic inflammation is a root cause of many diseases, including arthritis and cardiovascular diseases. A study published in the journal Free Radical Biology and Medicine found that hibiscus extract had significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects .

Similarly, CBN has been shown to reduce inflammation and pain in various studies. A review in Future Medicinal Chemistry discussed the potential of CBN as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent, making it a valuable component of pain management therapies .

4. Antibacterial Properties

CBN has demonstrated potent antibacterial activity, particularly against antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. A study in Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research highlighted CBN’s effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), a dangerous and difficult-to-treat infection .

Hibiscus extract also possesses antibacterial properties, enhancing the blend’s ability to support immune health and protect against infections.

How to Use Dark Moon CBN and Hibiscus Extract Oil

The recommended dosage for Dark Moon CBN and hibiscus extract oil can vary based on individual needs and health conditions. For sleep, a typical starting dose is 5-10 mg of CBN taken 30-60 minutes before bedtime. For seizure management and other therapeutic uses, it is best to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dosage.

The oil can be taken sublingually (under the tongue) for fast absorption or added to beverages like tea for a more gradual effect. The inclusion of hibiscus extract not only enhances the therapeutic benefits but also adds a pleasant, tangy flavor.

Conclusion

The combination of CBN and hibiscus extract oil offers a natural, multifaceted approach to improving sleep, managing seizures, and promoting overall health. Backed by scientific research and traditional use, Dark Moon CBN and Hibiscus Extract Oil provides a compelling option for those seeking effective and natural health remedies. Whether you are struggling with insomnia, seeking seizure relief, or looking to enhance your wellness routine, Dark Moon CBN and Hibiscus Extract Oil is a powerful solution worth exploring.

FDA Disclaimer

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you are taking other medications or have any pre-existing medical conditions.

References

  1. Yoshimura, H., Yanagita, T., & Yamamoto, I. (1972). Pharmacological Effects of Cannabinol and Its Related Compounds. Pharmacology, 8(4), 243-253. doi:10.1159/000136172.
  2. Lutz, B., & Onat, F. Y. (2007). The Anticonvulsant Effects of Cannabinoids. Epilepsy & Behavior, 10(4), 491-498. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.02.019.
  3. Ojeda, D., Jiménez-Ferrer, E., Zamilpa, A., et al. (2010). Inhibition of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Activity by the Aqueous Extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 49(8), 1001-1007. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.06.027.
  4. Appendino, G., Gibbons, S., Giana, A., et al. (2008). Antibacterial Cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: A Structure-Activity Study. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 1(1), 23-28. doi:10.1089/can.2008.0006.
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THCA Product Comparison

Comparing Golden Earth vs. Golden Earth XL

Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid found in raw cannabis. As a precursor to THC, it offers potential therapeutic benefits without the intoxicating effects associated with its decarboxylated form. Two common products on the market are Golden Earth THCA 5 mg/ml and Golden Earth XL THCA 10 mg/ml. This article compares these two products, providing recommendations for their use based on dosage information and scientific research.

Understanding THCA

THCA is abundant in fresh cannabis and converts to THC through a process called decarboxylation, which occurs when cannabis is heated. Research has shown that THCA possesses various therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anti-emetic effects. Unlike THC, THCA does not produce psychoactive effects, making it a popular choice for patients seeking relief without intoxication.

Potential Benefits of THCA

  1. Anti-Inflammatory Properties: THCA has been shown to reduce inflammation, making it potentially beneficial for conditions like arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. A study published in the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics highlighted THCA’s anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo .
  2. Neuroprotective Effects: Research indicates that THCA may provide neuroprotection, particularly in conditions like Parkinson’s disease. A study in Nature found that THCA has protective effects on neurons, suggesting its potential for managing neurodegenerative disorders .
  3. Anti-Nausea and Anti-Emetic Effects: THCA may help mitigate nausea and vomiting, particularly in patients undergoing chemotherapy. A study published in Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research noted the potential of THCA as an anti-emetic agent .

Comparing Golden Earth THCA Products

Golden Earth THCA 5 mg/ml

  • Dosage: Starting with a lower concentration is ideal for those new to cannabinoid therapy or those seeking mild effects. Recommended dosing can begin with 0.5 ml (2.5 mg of THCA), which can be adjusted based on individual response.
  • Recommended Uses:
    • Mild Inflammation Relief: Suitable for individuals experiencing mild inflammatory symptoms or those looking to manage chronic conditions like arthritis.
    • Daily Wellness: This lower concentration can be taken daily to support overall well-being without the risk of intoxication.
    • Anxiety and Stress Management: Low doses of THCA may help reduce anxiety and stress levels without psychoactive effects.

Golden Earth XL THCA 10 mg/ml

  • Dosage: This higher concentration is more suitable for individuals with higher tolerances or those seeking more pronounced therapeutic effects. Starting with 0.5 ml (5 mg of THCA) is advisable, adjusting based on the individual’s needs and response.
  • Recommended Uses:
    • Moderate to Severe Inflammation: This product is recommended for patients with more severe inflammatory conditions who require a stronger anti-inflammatory response.
    • Neurological Support: Individuals dealing with neurodegenerative diseases or those looking for neuroprotective benefits may benefit from this higher concentration.
    • Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea: For patients undergoing chemotherapy, higher doses of THCA may provide more effective relief from nausea and vomiting.

Dosage Guidelines

When using THCA products, it is essential to start with a low dose and gradually increase until the desired effects are achieved. The following dosage guidelines are recommended:

  • Initial Dose: Begin with 0.5 ml of either product, monitoring for effects. For Golden Earth THCA 5 mg/ml, this equates to 2.5 mg of THCA, while for Golden Earth XL THCA 10 mg/ml, this is 5 mg of THCA.
  • Adjustment: If no effects are observed after several days, increase the dosage by 0.5 ml as needed. This process allows users to find their optimal dosage safely.

Conclusion

Both Golden Earth THCA 5 mg/ml and Golden Earth XL THCA 10 mg/ml offer unique benefits and potential therapeutic effects. The choice between these products should be based on individual needs, tolerance levels, and specific health conditions. Those new to cannabinoid therapy may benefit from starting with the lower concentration, while individuals with more severe symptoms might find the higher concentration more effective.

FDA Disclaimer

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.

As always, consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new cannabinoid regimen, especially if other medications are involved.

References

  1. Mechoulam, R., & Parker, L. A. (2013). The Endocannabinoid System and the Treatment of Inflammation. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 347(1), 1-11. doi:10.1124/jpet.113.204505.
  2. Klein, T. W., & Newton, C. A. (2006). Cannabinoid-Based Drugs as Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 5(12), 1013-1025. doi:10.1038/nrd2073.
  3. Cuttler, C., et al. (2016). Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness of Cannabinoids for the Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 1(1), 19-25. doi:10.1089/can.2016.0007.
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Positive Participation in Cannabis Research


The sun rises high on the horizon, gleaming a silvery, slender streak of light into cold windows. Everyday another legalization effort is won and another project has begun. Another researcher arises, born anew into a world that finally accepts their fate. Legalizing Cannabis has opened the doors to our basement labs, our community programs and more. One-by-one Americans are enrolling and participating in Cannabis science research and that is good for everyone. Participating in cannabis research programs can offer several benefits:

  1. Advancing scientific knowledge: By participating in cannabis research, you contribute to expanding our understanding of the plant, its various compounds, and their effects on the human body. This knowledge can help researchers develop evidence-based treatments, interventions, and policies related to cannabis use.
  2. Shaping public health and policy: Research findings from cannabis studies play a crucial role in shaping public health guidelines and policies surrounding cannabis use. By participating, you can contribute to the evidence base that informs decision-making processes related to cannabis legalization, regulation, medical use, and public health initiatives.
  3. Potential therapeutic benefits: Cannabis and its cannabinoids have shown promise in various therapeutic areas, such as pain management, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and nausea reduction in chemotherapy patients, among others. By participating in research programs, you may gain access to potential treatments, innovative therapies, or interventions that could benefit your health condition or that of others.
  4. Personal involvement in cutting-edge research: Engaging in cannabis research allows you to actively participate in advancing scientific knowledge and innovation. You have the opportunity to collaborate with researchers, learn about the latest findings, and potentially contribute to improving healthcare outcomes and quality of life for individuals who benefit from cannabis-based treatments.
  5. Safe and regulated environment: Participating in research programs ensures that your involvement with cannabis-related substances is conducted in a controlled and monitored environment. This can provide reassurance regarding the quality, safety, and legality of the cannabis products used in the study.
  6. Access to expert guidance: When you participate in cannabis research, you typically have access to a team of healthcare professionals, researchers, and specialists who can provide guidance, support, and monitoring throughout the study. This can contribute to a better understanding of your health and well-being.

It’s important to consider that participating in research programs may also involve certain risks, and eligibility criteria and protocols may vary depending on the specific study. Therefore, it is crucial to consult with healthcare professionals, research institutions, or study coordinators to gather all the necessary information and make an informed decision based on your individual circumstances and preferences.

This week’s popular products

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THCA : Deep Herbal Healing Without the “High”

shallow focus photography of cannabis plant

About THCA :

THCA occurs when cannabigerol (CBG) is converted to THCA, before being decarboxylated to THC in the trichome of the Cannabis flower. THCA is a non-psychoactive, acidic precursor of THC  which alleviates: anxiety, depression, anorexia, pain, IBS/Crohn’s, spasticity, seizure (neuromuscular), nausea, and much more without the psychoactivity of THC. Studies have even shown tumor suppression of some cancers with THCA administration. In fact, recent studies have shown that THCA is far superior to CBD and THC for nausea and the cessation of vomiting. Although THC and THCA with CBD are always recommended for any serious cancer cannabinoid therapy, some cancers may be responsive to concentrated THCA medicines as well.

Scientific studies show..

THCA does not have any known psychoactive effects on humans  but  it has anti inflammatory, neuroprotective, antiemetic (anti-vomiting) and anti-prostate cancer effects. It inhibits COX  enzymes that are involved in inflammation in human colon cell cultures. THC-A has also been shown to decrease oxidative stress, caused by impaired mitochondria, a major mechanism in neural degeneration in mouse brain cell cultures. At our collective, we have tested our products vigorously and have seen a lot of promise for THCA. In prostate and lymphatic cancer patients, we have seen real progress with THCA-enriched therapies. We believe this is through complicated interactions with, not only cannabinoid receptors (such as CB1, CB2, GPR55, etc.) but the TRP family of calcium channels, due to the targeted effects we see and the types of clinical ailments we are able to alleviate.

The Experience

Taking THCA makes you feel energized, motivated and calm at the same time while relieving pain, and anxiety and increasing appetite. THCA is a great molecule for nausea as stated and pain, especially chronic pain. You really feel like a new person, thus many people take it in the morning. Personally, I take it in the morning for insomnia, because it helps me sleep much later in the evening and is very subtle and soothing- rather than taking a sleeping pill at night. Instead, I have energy, zest, and focus all day long and just as easily calm by night time and get into slumber. That is the other great thing – focus! THCA is terrific for people with ADH/D because it helps to focus the mind on the tasks at hand. THCA has been a miracle for so many patients including myself, it’s truly amazing. If you are one of those people who do not like the high of THC, THCA actually mitigates that anxiety, in case you need high THC therapy, and were unable to tolerate the “high”, THCA can alleviate that issue. Side note: I have also received word from some more adventurous souls, that THCA (at least our Purified Trichome Extract (THCA) is really good at relaxing people, physically when having a “bad trip” when using psychedelic substances.

Legality in the United States

THCA is not scheduled by the United Nations’ Convention on Psychotropic Substances. THCA is not scheduled at the federal level in the United States and is therefore legal to possess, buy, and sell. It is possible that THC-A could legally be considered an analog (of THC) although that is somewhat unlikely since it does not provide a high and THC does. If it were legally considered an analog, sales or possession with intent for human consumption could be prosecuted under the Federal Analogue Act. We actually inquired with FDA officials about the proposed legality of our product and were surprised and relieved that THCA seems to outright be OK nationally, so long as it doesn’t get anyone “high”.

THCA (tetrahydrocannabinolic acid) Chemical Structure

References & Resources

  1. Baker PB, Taylor BJ, Gough TA. (Jun 1981), “The tetrahydrocannabinol and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid content of cannabis products”, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 33 (6): 369–72, doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1981.tb13806.x, PMID 6115009
  2. Sirikantaramas S, Morimoto S, Shoyama Y, Ishikawa Y, Wada Y, Shoyama Y, Taura F. (2004-09-17), “The gene controlling marijuana psychoactivity: molecular cloning and heterologous expression of Delta1-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase from Cannabis sativa L.”, Journal of Biological Chemistry 279 (38): 39767–74, doi:10.1074/jbc.M403693200, PMID 15190053
  3. Moore C, Rana S, Coulter C. (2007-06-01), “Simultaneous identification of 2-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol, tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabinol and cannabidiol in oral fluid”, J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 852 (1-2): 459–64, doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.02.016, PMID 17321807
  4. Taura F. (Jun 2009), “Studies on tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase that produces the acidic precursor of tetrahydrocannabinol, the pharmacologically active cannabinoid in marijuana”, Drug Discoveries and Therapeutics 3 (3): 83–7, PMID 22495534
  5. Dussy FE, Hamberg C, Luginbühl M, Schwerzmann T, Briellmann TA. (2005-04-20), “Isolation of Delta9-THCA-A from hemp and analytical aspects concerning the determination of Delta9-THC in cannabis products”, Forensic Science International 149 (1): 3–10, doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.05.015, PMID 15734104
  6. Starks, Michael (1990). Marijuana Chemistry: Genetics, Processing, Potency. Ronin Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9141-7139-3.
  7. Ruhaak LR, Felth J, Karlsson PC, Rafter JJ, Verpoorte R, Bohlin L. (2011), “Evaluation of the cyclooxygenase inhibiting effects of six major cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis sativa”, Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 34 (5): 774–8, doi:10.1248/bpb.34.774, PMID 21532172
  8. Moldzio R, Pacher T, Krewenka C, Kranner B, Novak J, Duvigneau JC, Rausch WD. (2012-05-07), “Effects of cannabinoids Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and cannabidiol in MPP(+) affected murine mesencephalic cultures”, Phytomedicine 19 (8-9): 819–24, doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2012.04.002, PMID 22571976
  9.  De Petrocellis L, Ligresti A., Moriello A.S., Iappelli M., Verde R., Stott C.G., Cristino L., Orlando P., and Di Marzo V. (2013-01-01), “Non-THC cannabinoids inhibit prostate carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo: pro-apoptotic effects and underlying mechanisms”, British Journal of Pharmacology 168 (1): 79–102, doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02027.x, PMC 357000
  10. Jung J, Meyer MR, Maurer HH, Neusüss C, Weinmann W, Auwärter V. (Oct 2009), “Studies on the metabolism of the Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol precursor delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (Delta9-THCA-A) in rat using LC-MS/MS, LC-QTOF MS and GC-MS techniques”, Journal of Mass Spectrometry 44 (10): 1423–33, doi:10.1002/jms.1624, PMID 19728318
  11. Hazekamp A, Bastola K, Rashidi H, Bender J, Verpoorte R. (2007-07-15), “Cannabis tea revisited: a systematic evaluation of the cannabinoid composition of cannabis tea”, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 113 (1): 85–90, doi:10.1016/j.jep.2007.05.019, PMID 17604926
  12. Radünz L, Westphal F, Maser E, Rochholz G. (2012-02-10), “THCVA-A – a new additional marker for illegal cannabis consumption”, Forensic Science International 215 (1-3): 171–4, doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.03.001, PMID 21454026
  13.  §1308.11 Schedule I.

The article originally published at ThePotLab.com in 2014

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Explore THC FREE Alternatives

Our comprehensive oil tincture guide is here! Learn why you should use different cannabinoids in combination or in enriched full spectrum formulations. While many cannabinoids have an overlapping effect on some issues, such as epilepsy, ADH/D, depression and anxiety, while others target new pathways that seem to be specific for issues arising from conditions outlined in the chart.

By knowing the differences between our formulations- our members are able to better select the formula that is right for them. Additionally, no natural/alternative/Cannabis-based treatment is “One Size-Fits All”, thus, it offers alternatives for treating common cannabis-responsive conditions.

Our new tincture guide is compiled and critically analyzed data over almost ten years of data from our lab -to help in suggesting specific alternatives for personal wellness.

BONUS GUIDE | Our Spa Products Guide

Our organic vegan spa products are more popular than ever! Offering real renewal and relief from everyday stress and overexertion.
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MEMBERS ONLY: Big Data at The Pot Lab

As many of you know, we collect data for learning more about the use of hemp as a medicinal food. Our main focus is the use of edible raw hemp, however we have expanded our collection to several other products which may be useful in your daily lives. Through our cooperative research program we have been able to collect data from all over the U.S., in order to further the scientific understanding of this plant.

We are proud to present a streamlined membership product data survey collection form which is now available to all consumers of our products. This online form will collect data from all members whom fill out the form and automatically analyze it through December 31, 2021. If you are a member of our cooperative, current or past, we encourage you to fill out the form in order to be included in our database. Thank you for being the best part of our cooperative!

FORM: https://forms.gle/yqf8UBe42DvbBhxL7

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The Winning Formula: Golden Earth

Black in Biophysics Week yields honors and interest in raw hemp.

This year we celebrated #BlackInBiophysicsWeek with The Biophysical Society and were participants in the #BIBPS #ScienceShare campaign, where Black biophysicists share their work in 3 minutes or less, via social media! We shared our poster on Golden Earth which incorporates the structure-function relationships with the clinical responses to the use of Golden Earth. We won the first-place prize for our contribution!

Golden Earth is a unique terpenoid phenol and Omega-rich, oil blend which relieves multiple ailments.

This year we shared our Golden Earth Patient-Centered Data Poster, you can find here!

We would like to thank the Biophysical Society, our cooperative of patients, our cooperative organizers, and of course the wonderful graduate students and post docs who organized the online event. We hope that this will push for more normalization of research which is marginalised, done by marginalized people. For more info, check out the Biophysical Society website!

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Research Notes: Exploring Analgesic Properties of Minor Cannabinoids & Terpenes

NCCIH Workshop Summary

On a not-so-normal Friday morning, I scurried through my Los Angeles apartment, fumbling over my coffee and computer to get myself online to attend the NCCIH (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health) Workshop which I have been very excited about. However, it is 6:30 am in California and I can’t help but curse the fact I am even awake at this time. When I finally get the cat out of my chair, my coffee stirred and a pen in my hand, I am just in time for an excellent summary of the current state of research, not only the USA but also an insight into Canadian research and regulations. Unfortunately, I would be left with more questions than answers, as the day got longer.

Preclinical Data Shows Promise for Terpenes
The first session of the day was also the first “Data Blitz”, whereby researchers who have been awarded the grant are allowed to share their findings one year later. Awardees were given only a few minutes to take us through, often complex, sub-cellular targets, and interactions of terpenes and cannabinoids. One researcher, Cassandra L. Quave, Ph.D., of Emory University, compiled a compelling presentation of the possible use of terpenes in pain reduction, surprisingly, these were not terpenes from Cannabis, but Hops. In other talks, beta-caryophyllene (BCP) and Myrcene really showed promising results alone and when combined with most major cannabinoids. In the second “Data Blitz” session, awarded clinical studies, we got more of a feel for the high complexity and diversity of pain and inflammation, as well as the strong relationships between the central nervous system (CNS), the peripheral nervous system,m (PNS), the immune system and human behavior. While some focused on opioid-sparing and reducing harm via the use of cannabinoids to decrease opioid-dependency, others focused on using cannabinoids with terpenes, to reduce different kinds of pain. Too many discussed Cannabis as an addictive drug which that showed their lack of real-world understanding and knowledge of actual patients who literally need their medication, not necessarily a “high”.

Cannabinoid & Terpene Research Complexities
As we moved into the keynote speaker, I could not help but think about how all of the scientific research on this plant is already riddled with difficulties, from purifying molecules to assessing human behavior, now we were going to talk about regulatory aspects, and frankly, at 10 am my time, I would have rather went back to bed. Regulation is a complex and often controversial topic in the world of Hemp/Cannabis, so many of us would rather not; This time was different, I was curious. Mark A. Ware, M.Sc., Chief Medical Officer, of Canopy Growth Corporation highlighted the history and progress of Canadian Cannabis research, surprisingly also highlighting the social injustices, along the way. While oppressive (often Capitalistic) systems remain a barrier to research for people of color, there were no real solutions offered, which was disappointing. Social equity is not gained by using the same oppressive system to mandate mentions and possible representation- it requires a new system altogether; Many are not ready for that conversation, they just want to nod their head and agree without offering our communities the power (and capital) that they hoard. However, it did lead us, perfectly into the ridiculous regulatory bodies and research management of cannabinoid research in the USA.

A Message From The System
We couldn’t conclude this whole symposium without a whole session dedicated to regulation, the FDA, and the DEA; I mean, we cannot have STEM PhDs getting arrested as drug dealers, right? So here we go, the DEA and FDA would like to take the time to let us know that, unless we fill out hundreds of pages of paperwork and pay through the nose, our research is somehow invalided and possibly illegal. While they act nice and sincere as if they care about the sick; It becomes increasingly obvious that they want your name on a list and to control the supply of Cannabis for research. I disagree – we should all look into our own, specialized strains and the strains that are actually being used by actual patients because the government’s strains (those made available through the National Institute on Drug Abuse, a.k.a. NIDA) strains are old, some are even weird phenotypes (such as leaves that have white stripes, lacking chlorophyll in certain places of the water leaves), and more so, those strains are not representative of the Cannabis’ potential in the post-prohibition era. Additionally, the techniques used in much commercial Cannabis grows and even research labs, to grow medical Cannabis are far more reproducible and sophisticated than the government could ever be, due to the same regulations they promote, enthusiastically. So while the panel included many open-minded scientific researchers from various NIH Centers, the entire scientific excitation was constantly overshadowed by the mentions of obsessively long and expensive amounts of paperwork that we may or may not need. Who knows?

Medical Patients Still Left Behind.
Thanks to the many reasons mentioned here, we are still failing medical Cannabis patients in the USA. The country doesn’t need or want more regulation, as we exponentially legalize Cannabis, state-by-state. Over 60% of Americans support full decriminalization because this is a plant, and there are many more harmful plants that exist in our society with little to no regulation. While some researchers poised themselves as warriors for patients, the regulatory bodies ensured us that the process was hard and we will not be able to easily go through the said process, simply with a fantastic proof-of-concept. Additionally, the regulatory panel confirmed bias towards this plant, as did some researchers. The repeated “Cannabis-dependency” phrase had users of medical Cannabis, rolling their eyes in complete disgust. Until the highest regulatory body is actually run by medical Cannabis patients- we will continue to see these absolute circuses of judgemental, colonialist-centered minds around the Cannabis research field. In the future, I hope the NIH will focus on recruiting more nonprofits and private organizations that are community-led organizations (especially those of us whom are Black/Indigenous and working directly with Black and Indigenous patients) for this grant and offer us more support, in the form of guidance, subsidies and partnerships, such that we can take real power by changing the system, fundamentally. Anything else is the perpetuation of the oppressive colonialist ideals that got us here and further social marginalization of those most affected by prohibition, by upholding a system that has failed to recognize when its time has passed.

-Dr. Brandie Makeba Cross, PhD

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